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The West Wing of the White House, also known as the Executive Office Building, houses the offices of the President of the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Tour the West Wing )〕 The West Wing contains the Oval Office,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Oval Office )〕 the Cabinet Room, the Situation Room, and the Roosevelt Room. The West Wing's three floors contain offices for the White House Chief of Staff, the Counselor to the President, the Senior Advisor to the President, the White House Press Secretary, and their support staffs. The Vice-President has an office in the building, but his primary office is next door in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building. The James S. Brady Press Briefing Room – where the Press Secretary makes announcements and gives daily briefings to reporters – is located in the West Colonnade, between the West Wing and the White House (Executive Residence). ==History== Before construction of the West Wing, presidential staff worked on the second floor of what is now the Executive Residence. However, when Theodore Roosevelt became President, he found that the existing offices in the Mansion were insufficient to accommodate his family as well as his staff. In 1902 he had the West Wing constructed by the New York architects McKim, Mead & White.〔 The West Wing was originally intended as a temporary office structure,〔 built on the site of the greenhouse and stables. The President's Office and the Cabinet Room took up the eastern third of the building. President Roosevelt's office was located approximately where the Roosevelt Room is now.〔 William Seale, ''The President's House'' (White House Historical Association, 1986), pp. 946-49.〕 In 1909, William Howard Taft expanded the building southward, covering the tennis court. He placed the first Oval Office at the center of the addition's south facade, reminiscent of the oval rooms of the White House.〔 President Herbert Hoover rebuilt the West Wing at the beginning of his administration, excavating a partial basement, and supporting it with structural steel. The completed building lasted less than seven months.〔 On December 24, 1929, the West Wing was significantly damaged by an electrical fire.〔 Hoover rebuilt it, and added air-conditioning. The fourth and final major reorganization was undertaken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Dissatisfied with the size and layout of the West Wing, he engaged New York architect Eric Gugler to redesign it in 1933. To create additional space without increasing the apparent size of the building, Gugler excavated a full basement, added a set of subterranean offices under the adjacent lawn,〔The underground offices became the Situation Room and White House Mess. (1938 photo, showing courtyard lighting the underground offices ) from Library of Congress.〕 and built an unobtrusive "penthouse" story.〔 The directive to wring the most office space out of the existing building was responsible for its narrow corridors and cramped staff offices. Gugler's most notable change was the addition to the east side containing a new Cabinet Room, Secretary's Office, and Oval Office.〔 The new office's location gave presidents greater privacy, allowing them to slip back and forth between the White House and the West Wing without being in full view of the staff.〔 As presidential staffs grew substantially in the latter half of the 20th century, the West Wing generally came to be seen as too small for its modern governmental functions. Today, most of the staff members of the Executive Office of the President are located in the adjacent Eisenhower Executive Office Building—originally the State, War, and Navy Building, after the departments it was built to house. File:White House Office Building, and tennis court c.1909.jpg|Original West Wing and tennis court, circa 1903. File:West Wing between 1910 and 1920 cropped.jpg|Expanded West Wing, circa 1910s. President Taft's 1909 expansion covered most of the tennis court. Note the "bow" of the first Oval Office. File:President Hoover views West Wing fire ruins 15 January 1930 cropped.jpg|President Hoover views West Wing fire ruins, January 15, 1930. File:West-wing-1934-construction.jpg|Modern West Wing under construction, circa 1933. File:Oval Office Exterior.jpg|Exterior of the modern Oval Office, completed 1934. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「West Wing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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